Occasionally, I get a letter from someone who is in 'contact' with aliens. I am invited to ask them anything. And over the year's I've prepared a little list of questions. The aliens are very advanced remember. So I ask things like, 'Please provide a short proof of Fermat's Last Theorem'. I write out the simple theorem equation with the exponents. It's a simulating exercise to think of questions to which no human today knows the answers, but where a correct answer would be recognised as such. It's even more challenging to formulate such questions in fields other than mathematics. Perhaps we should hold a contest and collect the best responses in '10 Questions to Ask an Alien'.
/ Carl Sagan /



In memoriam Halton C. Arp (1927-2013).


My astronomy sketches. Hover mouse over image for the inverted look. For fainter objects, take a look at the black-on-white original, sometimes it reveals more details.


Need advice? Want to discuss an observation? Feel free to contact me at flovro gmail*com.

ÚJ! Amennyiben elérhető, a ikonra kattintva magyarul is olvashatod az észlelést.


Show me the newest sketches!
By type: open clusters [67] globular clusters [14] diffuse nebulae [3] dark nebulae [0] planetary nebulae [27] variable stars [18] binary stars [23] asterisms [2] galaxies [119] quasars [1] planets [2] minor planets [1] comets [5] Sun [0] Moon [5] other objects [8]
By catalogue: Messier 1-50 [20] Messier 51-110 [18] NGC 1-1000 [17] NGC 1001-2000 [21] NGC 2001-3000 [32] NGC 3001-4000 [25] NGC 4001-5000 [18] NGC 5001-6000 [22] NGC 6001-7000 [40] NGC 7001-7840 [35] IC 1-5386 [1] other catalogues [71] uncataloged [10] [25]
By constellation:



M51 + NGC 5195 (Galaxy)
Also known as: NGC 5194 + NGC 5195
Right ascension: 13h 30m Declination: 47° 14'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2008.04.27 21:00 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 50' Magnification and filter(s): 71x
Seeing: 6/10 Transparency: 4/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

The spiral galaxy of M51, better known as the Whirlpool-galaxy is one of the most famous Messier objects. Thanks to its position and high luminosity, it's a very easy and impressive target. The spiral arms of M51 look beautiful and sharp, and with a little patience you can see even the bridge of matter between it and its interacting companion (NGC 5195), also with direct vision.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

M106 + NGC 4248 (Galaxy)
Also known as: NGC 4258 + NGC 4248
Right ascension: 12h 19m Declination: 47° 18'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2008.05.02 21:00 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 45' Magnification and filter(s): 71x
Seeing: 4/10 Transparency: 4/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

Large, spectacular spiral galaxy with a gross magnitude of 8.4, two magnificent arms and a very shiny core. Elongated towards N-S, which is also the direction of the two arms. The Southern arm looks brighter, while the Northern one larger and blurred. Only a quarter degrees away you can find its easily detectable companion, the NGC 4248 (12.5m). If you can see this tiny galaxy, you should take the chance to look around the M106 in a radius of 1-2 degrees, and observe the other members of the galaxy-group named after it. Around half a dozen of the smaller galaxies are brighter than 4248, and only a couple are similar or fainter.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

NGC 4631 + NGC 4656 (Galaxy)
Also known as: Whale galaxy + Hockeystick galaxy, Arp 281
Right ascension: 12h 44m Declination: 32° 18'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2009.04.24 21:30 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 1° 18' Magnification and filter(s): 45x
Seeing: 5/10 Transparency: 2/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

The gigantic, shiny NGC 4631 (also known as the Whale galaxy) and its smaller and much fainter companion, the NGC 4656 (or Hockeystick galaxy) fit perfectly well in an eyepiece with at least 1 degrees of FoV, a very spectacular double. The 4631 is about 10m bright and just about to jump right out of the eyepiece, while the latter is much smaller with a brightness of about 11m only - estimated by me. Both galaxies are heavily distorted because of gravitational tidal forces between the two, not to mention that there's a tiny faint third companion very near NGC 4631 with the identifier NGC 4627 with a brightness of 13m. This galaxy remained hidden to me at this observing session and I could not make out the real hockey stick shape of NGC 4656 out either, possibly the bad transparency and seeing was not really helping me in this. The pair NGC 4631 and 4627 is also listed in Halton Arp's catalogue with number 281.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

M3 (Globular cluster)
Also known as: NGC 5272
Right ascension: 13h 43m Declination: 28° 20'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2009.04.25 21:30 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 31' Magnification and filter(s): 100x
Seeing: 4/10 Transparency: 4/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

A very bright globular cluster with a very high number of separated star members. It's core brightens up very quickly. An interesting feature is a small bright stripe, built up by stars that cannot be separated with the eye. The background is grainy even far away from the core, and it is obvious that many of the bright field stars belong to the cluster gravitationally.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

NGC 4244 (Galaxy)
Also known as: Caldwell C26
Right ascension: 12h 48m Declination: 37° 45'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2009.05.17 21:15 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 33' Magnification and filter(s): 100x
Seeing: 6/10 Transparency: 3/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

A large edge-on spiral with intermediate brightness, highly elongated in the NNE-SSW directions near the famous double, Cor Caroli. It does not show much details like arms or dense spots, however its NNE side looks a little bit brighter and wider, which makes the entire galaxy look a bit asymmetrical. I estimate its average brightness at 12 magnitudes maximum, with an apparent size of 13' x 2'.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

NGC 5005 (Galaxy)
Also known as: Caldwell C29
Right ascension: 13h 11m Declination: 37° 01'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2009.05.17 21:30 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 22' Magnification and filter(s): 167x
Seeing: 6/10 Transparency: 3/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

Bright but tiny galaxy of 10 magnitudes. Nearby you can find a similar but fainter object, NGC 5033. In a FoV of 1 degree, both galaxies can be seen together, although according to their small apparent size, at such a magnification level they look really insignificant. The NGC 5005 sits at the end of a lane of stars, has a quickly brightening core that does not end up in a star-like nucleus.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

NGC 5033 (Galaxy)
Right ascension: 13h 14m Declination: 36° 33'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2009.05.17 21:45 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 22' Magnification and filter(s): 167x
Seeing: 6/10 Transparency: 3/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

Only about 40' away from NGC 5005, you can find this small, faint galaxy. This one is the fainter of the two, less spectacular with a slightly brightening core. It is in fact a very spectacular spiral, but visually it's more like a simple elliptical galaxy. At its Northern end you can detect a faint star of 13.9m, which appears (especially with averted vision) to twinkle on the surface of the galaxy. It's brightness is measured at 11m.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

Hickson 68 (Galaxy)
Also known as: NGC 5350 + NGC 5353 + NGC 5354 + NGC 5355
Right ascension: 13h 54m Declination: 40° 17'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2010.05.12 22:45 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 20' Magnification and filter(s): 167x
Seeing: 5/10 Transparency: 4/5
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

Fantastic spectacular group of galaxies. I can catch 4 of 5 group members. NGC 5353 and 5354 are showing star-like core, NGC 5350 does not show such a feature, although this is clearly the largest of all. NGC 5355 is the faintest, it's so dim that it's hard to detect its exact shape and position angle (PA). Hickson designations are: 68a = NGC 5353 (11m), 68b = NGC 5354 (11.4m), 68c = NGC 5350 (11.3m), 68d = NGC 5355 (13.1m), 68e = NGC 5358 (13.6m). Unfortunately I was unable to detect the last one of the quintet, but it should be visible on a better night.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

NGC 4485 + NGC 4490 (Galaxy)
Also known as: Arp 269, Cocoon Galaxy
Right ascension: 12h 31m Declination: 41° 37'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2014.05.23 21:40 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 32' Magnification and filter(s): 100x
Seeing: 7/10 Transparency: 3/5
SQM: 21.18 m/as2 Temperature: 15°C
Humidity: low Wind: none
Sight: 4 - lots of details, very interesting, unique look
Difficulty: 3 - moderately visible, dark adaptation needed, averted vision might add to details
Position: 2 - easy, bright star nearby
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

A very spectacular pair of galaxies, also listed in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies with number 269. NGC 4490 (the larger galaxy) displays details instantly, and by increasing the power two spiral arms become apparent, departing the round central area to the East and West. The Southern side of the galaxy looks more round while the Northern looks more flat. It's minor companion, the NGC 4485 is round, however it shows a slightly brighter Northern side.

Like always, I did not study this object before my observation, so I was very happy to see how much resemblance my sketch has with the astrophotos I've seen later.


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]

NGC 4449 (Galaxy)
Also known as: Caldwell 21
Right ascension: 12h 29m Declination: 44° 01'
Constellation: Canes Venatici
Date/time: 2014.05.23 23:00 UT
Equipment: 12" f/5 Newtonian
FoV: 27' Magnification and filter(s): 167x
Seeing: 6/10 Transparency: 3/5
SQM: 21.14 m/as2 Temperature: 14°C
Humidity: dry Wind: breeze
Sight: 4 - lots of details, very interesting, unique look
Difficulty: 3 - moderately visible, dark adaptation needed, averted vision might add to details
Position: 3 - moderate, some starhopping needed
Location: Nádasdladány, Hungary
Observer: Ferenc Lovró
Description:

For the first view it looks like a simple oval galaxy, however with an in-depth observation I start to see very confusing details: to the East of its nucleus a little tail seems to break out, both side of the core displays dense fuzzy knots, and last but not least, I suspect a very faint spot to the North, just outside the body of the galaxy.

Checking the astrophotos of this galaxy later leaves me shocked: the irregular object has a really chaotic inside, no wonder I've seen so many details!


Hi-resolution image: [ reversed sketch | original sketch ]
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